Friday, December 26, 2014

Sea Level Rise: Continuous Erosion Creates Dangerous Situation On Waikiki Beach

Sea Level Rise: Continuous Erosion creates dangerous situation on Waikiki Beach 





WAIKIKI —Diamond Head, the extinct volcano that has become synonymous with Waikiki Beach isn’t going anywhere, but much of the sand that both locals and visitors enjoy has vanished.

"It was so much more sand here before and now as you can see, everything is almost gone," said Pia Wackerl, a Hawaii Pacific University student who moved to Oahu in August.

Over the past several months severe erosion has caused a concrete slab near the water’s edge at Kuhio Beach to become exposed. The concrete is uneven with sharp edges and several pieces of rusty rebar pose a potential hazard to beachgoers.

One of the nearby beachboy stands erected more than 100 feet of plastic chain to highlight the growing problem and keep people away.

“It’s kind of dangerous for the kids when they're surfing in because if they can't stop on the high tide, the wave will double-up and they come right into this wall,” said Willie Grace, who works as a surf instructor for Star Beach boys.

“I’ve seen it happen a couple of times this summer."

In June 2012, the state’s Department of Land and Natural Resources completed a beach replenishment project that added 24,000 cubic yards of offshore sand across 1,730 feet of Waikiki Beach.

The $2.2 million project was funded by the state and Waikiki hotels, but a University of Hawaii study found one-fourth of the replenished sand was gone a year after its completion.

"I guess trial and error,” Grace said of the project. “That's a lot of money that they wasted and this is Waikiki Beach. It should be covered with some of the nicest whiter sand.”

Waikiki resident Tom Wentworth says the erosion that led to concrete being exposed at Kuhio Beach got progressively worse after a jetty was removed, something locals warned the state not to do.

"That's why the sand stayed right there because it just circled around, from this jetty to the little one,” said Wentworth.

“Now, without that little jetty, it’s just back out.

"Beach erosion in Waikiki has been a problem for decades and has resulted in at least 10 sand replenishment projects since 1939. According to DLNR, 300,000 cubic yards of sand has been placed onto Waikiki Beach over the past 77 years.

Honolulu Cave Adventure: Punynari Explores Moiliili (Honolulu, Hawaii) Karst 

Fantastic Must See Oahu Karst Cave Videos And Photos 

Bio Diversity: The Moiliili Karst Formation

Mōʻiliʻili Karst Water Cave


Hiking Hawaii: Moiliili (Honolulu, Hawaii) Karst Cave


Video and Links: Mo'ili'ili Underground Caverns Video 


Karst Cave Hiking Adventure: Moili'ili Karst Exploration 




Sunday, December 21, 2014

Waikiki Hit By Big Hurricane Would Be Mega-Disaster

Waikiki Hit By Big Hurricane Would Be Mega-Disaster

Sophie Cocke

http://www.civilbeat.com/2014/08/hawaii-lacks-hurricane-emergency-plan-for-waikiki-neighbor-islands/

Oahu has not sustained a direct hit from a hurricane in recorded history, dating back to the early 1800s, and at most has experienced weak tropical storms.

But if Oahu did get hit by a Category 4 or 5 storm, the state’s catastrophic plan paints a dire picture.


More than two-thirds of the island’s approximately 950,000 residents would be displaced, as the vast majority of residential structures aren’t built to withstand Category 4 winds.


In the densely populated areas of Honolulu and Waikiki, about 42 percent of buildings are expected to be at least moderately damaged by flood waters.


There would likely be mass casualties, and the island has "limited capability, resources, and storage facilities to store and process human remains, which will include all unearthed corpses at cemeteries," according to the plan.


Oahu airports and ports could also be out of service, jeopardizing imports of food, fuel and other goods.


"Debris, power outages, saltwater inundation, flooding and damage to ports will be extensive," according to the plan. "Structural integrity of runways, docks, and facilities will be compromised."


In addition to food shortages, Oahu’s water infrastructure could be damaged, jeopardizing drinking water as well as water needed for firefighting, sanitation and decontamination.


Oahu is also particularly at risk from damage caused by a major storm because much of its critical infrastructure is in flood inundation zones. This includes the island’s two oil refineries, 61 percent of Oahu’s power generation facilities, the majority of the island’s food distribution centers and one-third of nursing facilities.


The plan predicts that power will be out on Oahu for up to 40 days, and possibly longer in some locations, while the oil refineries will be shut down for several weeks.


McKeown said that emergency officials were currently using the plan to scale it to the current storm threats, noting that it was an evolving situation.


"We’re working through that analysis to tailor it to what we know about Hurricane Iselle and where it might impact the islands and the type of damage that might occur," he said.

Oahu is particularly at risk because much of its critical infrastructure is in
flood inundation zones.

http://www.honolulu.gov/rep/site/dem/dem_docs/plans/OPLAN_200900716.pdf

The State of Hawaii’s topography causes orographic speed-up resulting in intensification of winds peed across ridges and through valleys. As winds funnel between urban buildings and structures, they have the potential to amplify effects.

High-rise buildings are vulnerable to hurricane force winds, and it is not uncommon for these structures to suffer a great deal of damage to windows due to debris.

Honolulu Cave Adventure: Punynari Explores Moiliili (Honolulu, Hawaii) Karst 

Fantastic Must See Oahu Karst Cave Videos And Photos 

Bio Diversity: The Moiliili Karst Formation

Mōʻiliʻili Karst Water Cave


Hiking Hawaii: Moiliili (Honolulu, Hawaii) Karst Cave


Video and Links: Mo'ili'ili Underground Caverns Video 


Karst Cave Hiking Adventure: Moili'ili Karst Exploration